Illustrator - tracing imported images using pen tool; duplication; reflection; arrangement; custom colour palette/swatches using colour guide and global colours; multiple layers; compound groups

Illustrator - copy/offset; guide alignment; offset path; pathfinder; type on path, custom brush, gradient palette

Photoshop - cutout

Illustrator - stamp; custom brush; trace; pathfinder; custom gradient; appearance; graphic style

Illustrator - pen; mesh; gradient mesh; envelope distort; graphic styles; custom pattern; trace, blur; symbols; symbol sprayer/scruncher/spinner; blends; custom brush

Illustrator: custom brush; trace; custom swatches; graphic styles; envelope; pattern; blob tool; graphic styles; appearance; gradient

Photoshop: posterize; cutout

Illustrator: trace; custom colour palette; transparency

Photoshop: bevel & shadow

Photoshop: brushes; layers; mask; transparency; custom palette

Illustrator: duplication; transparency

Photoshop: imported image; masking; overlay; transparency; soft light

Photohsop: threshold; mask; opacity; actions; imported vectors

Illustrator: imported images; brush; transparency; graphic styles

Photoshop: layered images; cutout; mask; difference clouds

Illustrator: pen tool line drawings from photographs